Tal Ben Ari (Tula)
Website: www.talbenarimusic.com
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/pages/Tal-Ben-Ari-Official/188875464496620
Mano suave - Tender hand
Lyrics:
¡Ay! , mano suave tenía ,
a tocarla, nadie se atrevía ;
¡Ay! , madre, a tocarla, nadie se atrevía.
Su alma le entregó ,
su corazón entero ,
¡Ay! , madre, el corazón entero.
Tula (Tal Ben Ari - www.talbenarimusic.com ) is singing it in Sephardic language , a Judaeo-Spanish idiom, in Israel commonly referred to as Ladino, a Romance language derived from Old Spanish. It is influenced heavily by Hebrew and Aramaic, Arabic, Turkish and to a lesser extent Greek and other languages where Sephardic exiles settled around the world when the catholics took Granada, the last moor kingdom in Spain, in January,1492, the jews were expeled, most of them had to emigrate to Netherlands and Portugal, where they were expeled later.
The descendants of Jews who left Spain after the 1492 expulsion are referred to as Sephardim. The word "Sephardim" comes from the Hebrew word for Spain, Sepharad, that is stated in the Bible.
It is believed that Jews have lived in Spain since the era of King Solomon (c.965-930 B.C.E.). Little information can be found on these Jews until the beginning of the first century.
The Sephardi Jews preserved their special language, which was a combination of Hebrew and Spanish, known as Ladino.
When Jews left Spain , they continued to speak Ladino, in the same grammar and vocabulary of 14th and 15th century Spanish. The Sephardic exile communities of Amsterdam, London and Italy were still in contact with Spain and hence they continued to speak Castillian Spanish.
Ladino is still spoken by some Sephardic communities, such as those in Greece, Turkey, Bulgaria, Rumania, France and America ( Spanish Jews, or Shephardim were among the first Europeans in the Americas). Today the largest Ladino-speaking community can be found in Israel.
One can also read Ladino in Sephardic literature.
"La jarcha de Yosef el Escriba, fechada hacia 1042, puede considerarse no sólo como el texto más antiguo en lengua romance española (el Poema de Mío Cid es de 1140), sino el más antiguo de los textos líricos en lengua romance europea"(Muñiz-Huberman 52). Así se puede ver que la poesía sefardita es muy importante para toda la literatura romance, además de su propia cultura. Aquí tienes un cuarteto de una jarcha:
"Tant' amare, tant' amare,
jabib, tant' amare,
enfermaron uelios gaios,[Enfermaron los ojos alegres.]
e dolen tan male."
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